The Brazilian media landscape shows a high concentration of audience and property, lack of transparency, and economic, political and religious interference. The flow of persuasive disinformation depends not only on the technology and its social uses, but also on the media and information ecosystem and the environmental conditions for social influence. We conclude by highlighting several challenges related to multimodal semiotics, technological constraints and non-trivial social engagement, and we present several open-ended aspects such as delineating online harm and empirically examining related frameworks and assistive interventions, which we believe will motivate and drive future research. Another observation is that memes can propagate globally through repackaging in different languages and that they can also be multilingual, blending different cultures. We further find that existing datasets mostly capture multi-class scenarios, which are not inclusive of the affective spectrum that memes can represent. One interesting finding is that many types of harmful memes are not really studied, e.g., such featuring self-harm and extremism, partly due to the lack of suitable datasets. Based on a systematic analysis of recent literature, we first propose a new typology of harmful memes, and then we highlight and summarize the relevant state of the art. With this in mind, here we offer a comprehensive survey with a focus on harmful memes. Yet, harmful content often combines multiple modalities, as in the case of memes, which are of particular interest due to their viral nature. Researchers have studied textual, visual, and audio content, but typically in isolation. So, for now, we'll have to keep waiting for some hero to find and reveal the true identity of the man that appears in one of the most famous images on the internet.The automatic identification of harmful content online is of major concern for social media platforms, policymakers, and society. In fact, many people say that it could be a montage, because the size of your penis is simply not possible. However, despite the investigations, we still do not know who this man is, where he lives or the context with photography. This image went viral to the point that El Negro de WhatsApp has appeared even in advertisements, not to mention media owners. With the full image we can see a surprising giant penis that hangs just below the knees of man, which is not seen in the preview. In the preview of the image you will only see his face and torso, but when opening the image. The trick is to send the image of this man for WhatsApp. It all started as a joke - well, it still is. Well, he is known by the nickname of El Negro de WhatsApp, precisely because he left the messenger. One of the most media figures for at least the last year. Unless you live in a cave away from society and without any contact with it, you've probably heard or read about The Black WhatsApp.
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